Quick Answer: Which Rice Flour Do Chinese Cakes Use?
Chinese cakes may use regular rice flour, glutinous rice flour or a deliberate blend. The flour helps determine whether the result is softly sliceable, spongy or sticky and chewy.[1][2][3][4]
- Regular rice flour, Zhan Mi Fen (粘米粉, zhān mǐ fěn), is used in many savory cakes and some steamed sweets.[2][3]
- Glutinous rice flour, Nuo Mi Fen (糯米粉, nuò mǐ fěn), produces the characteristic sticky chew in many sweet rice cakes.[4]
- A formula can use both flours, including certain taro cakes and sweet New Year cakes.[4][5]
Do not replace one white powder with another simply because the package says “rice.” The recipe’s flour type and proportions matter.[1][2]
At a dim sum meal, a pan-fried radish cake can have a crisp face and soft steamed interior. The same cake may also be enjoyed steamed, without frying.[6]
Regular Rice Flour and Glutinous Rice Flour
The distinction is the rice being milled, not the color of the flour.[1]
| Flour | 是甚麼 | Typical role in cakes |
|---|---|---|
| Regular rice flour | Flour milled from non-glutinous rice | A softer, less sticky cake structure |
| Glutinous rice flour | Flour milled from sticky rice | A cohesive, sticky and chewy texture |
Four Cakes That Show Why the Flour Matters
- Turnip cake, Luo Bo Gao (萝卜糕, luó bo gāo): regular rice flour helps bind shredded white radish into a steamed, sliceable cake. Cornstarch may also appear in the formula. After setting, slices can be pan-fried for crisp surfaces.[2]
- White sugar sponge cake, Bai Tang Gao (白糖糕, bái táng gāo): regular rice flour, sugar, water and yeast form a fermented batter. Steaming produces a light, porous cake with some chew, rather than a sticky-rice dough.[3]
- Taro cake, Yu Tou Gao (芋头糕, yù tou gāo): savory taro pieces sit in a rice-flour mixture that is steamed before slicing and frying. Some recipes combine regular and glutinous rice flours, so “taro cake” alone does not specify the flour blend.[5]
- Sweet New Year cake, Nian Gao (年糕, nián gāo): glutinous rice flour supplies the sticky body, sometimes tempered with regular rice flour. This sweet style is associated with wishes for advancement during 春節; its formula is not a definition of every regional rice cake.[4]
Turnip and taro cakes also show why the English word “cake” need not imply dessert in Cantonese cuisine. Their savory additions and pan-fried finish serve a different eating experience from a sweet steamed cake.[2][5]
Milling and Measurement Can Change the Result
Wet milling involves soaking rice before grinding. Flour texture and the weight filling a cup can differ between products.[1]
Match the recipe’s flour style and use its gram measurements. Weighing improves accuracy but cannot make different milling methods or rice varieties interchangeable.[1]
Follow the Cake Method, Not Just the Flour Ratio
Water carried by other ingredients matters. In turnip cake, the radish releases liquid during cooking; adding flour without accounting for the recipe’s cooking liquid changes the batter. Some formulas use cornstarch alongside rice flour to help manage the final structure.[2]
Other cakes depend on different processes. White sugar sponge cake needs a fermented batter: its yeast is added after the hot sugar-and-rice mixture cools to lukewarm. A sweet New Year cake may instead use hot syrup to form a soft dough before steaming.[3][4]
Keep the specified mixing and heating order. Chilling a steamed radish cake makes it firmer and easier to slice for frying; judge its texture at the stage the recipe specifies.[6]
Buying, Substituting and Storing Rice Flour
Read the ingredient name, not just packet colors. Match regular or glutinous flour and the requested milling style.[1]
Replacing regular flour entirely with glutinous flour can turn a sliceable radish cake gummy. A tested blend in one cake does not justify improvising the same ratio in another.[2][4] Cornstarch is an additional ingredient in some formulas, not a universal replacement for their rice flour.[2]
Keep the flour dry, sealed and stored as its label directs. Store the finished cake according to its own recipe and ingredients; a bag of dry flour and a moist cooked cake do not share a storage life.
FAQs About Rice Flour in Chinese Cakes
Can I swap regular and glutinous rice flour?
Not as an automatic one-for-one substitution. They create different textures; use a recipe that explicitly allows the change.[1][2]
Does glutinous rice flour contain gluten?
The word refers to stickiness, not wheat gluten. Still, check the actual flour label and every other cake ingredient when dietary restrictions matter.[1]
Do all rice cakes use only glutinous rice flour?
No. White sugar sponge cake uses regular rice flour, while some sweet New Year cakes mix the two types.[3][4]
Why is my rice cake too soft to slice?
Check the specified flour, the liquid balance and whether the cake has cooled enough to set. Changing any of those can alter a sliceable cake’s firmness.[2]
資料來源
[1] Healthy Nibbles. Rice Flour in Asian Cooking
[2] The Woks of Life. Turnip Cake
[3] The Woks of Life. White Sugar Sponge Cake
[4] Red House Spice. 年糕
[5] The Woks of Life. Taro Cake
[6] Michelin Guide. Chef Interviews: Cantonese Turnip Cake