{"id":7375,"date":"2026-11-05T01:55:37","date_gmt":"2026-11-05T01:55:37","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.chinaculturepro.com\/?p=7375"},"modified":"2026-11-05T01:55:37","modified_gmt":"2026-11-05T01:55:37","slug":"xuan-paper","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.chinaculturepro.com\/ru\/xuan-paper\/","title":{"rendered":"Xuan Paper: Materials, Sizing and Ink on the Surface"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<section class=\"tcjdi-quick-answer\"><h2>Quick Answer: What Is Xuan Paper?<\/h2>\n<p class=\"p1\">Xuan paper (\u5ba3\u7eb8, xu\u0101nzh\u01d0) is a traditional Chinese paper associated with Jing County in Anhui. Makers use fiber from blue sandalwood bark and rice straw. The paper is used for brush writing and painting. Its finish affects how readily ink spreads through the surface. <sup>[1][2][3]<\/sup> <\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>Place and materials:<\/strong> Jing County papermaking combines local craft knowledge with suitable fibers and water. <sup>[1][2]<\/sup> <\/li>\n<li><strong>Finish:<\/strong> Unsized, sized and partly sized sheets absorb ink differently. <sup>[3][4]<\/sup> <\/li>\n<li><strong>Use:<\/strong> A spreading wash and a fine, contained line make different demands on the sheet. <sup>[3][4]<\/sup> <\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p class=\"p1\">The English label \u201crice paper\u201d can refer to several materials. Check the fibers and the finish when those details matter. <sup>[1][4][5]<\/sup> <\/p><\/section>\n<figure class=\"tcjdi-infographic\" style=\"width:500px;max-width:100%;margin:24px auto;text-align:center\"><img fetchpriority=\"high\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.chinaculturepro.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/11\/Xuan-paper-guide-to-fibers-raw-sized-and-semi-sized-sheets.webp\" alt=\"Xuan paper guide to fibers raw sized and semi sized sheets\" title=\"Xuan paper guide to fibers raw sized and semi sized sheets\" width=\"1440\" height=\"2560\" style=\"width:500px;max-width:100%;height:auto;margin:0 auto\" \/><figcaption>Compare Xuan paper fibers and finishes through the way each sheet takes ink.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p class=\"p1\">A brushstroke can stay crisp on one sheet and develop a soft edge on another. The difference can come from how the paper was finished. For a useful comparison, start with the sheet itself and keep the brush and ink as similar as possible.<\/p>\n<h2>Where Xuan Paper Comes From<\/h2>\n<p class=\"p1\">The traditional craft centers on Jing County in southern Anhui. Papermakers process blue sandalwood bark (Pteroceltis tatarinowii) and rice straw into usable fibers. Long fibers from the inner bark combine with shorter straw fibers in the finished sheet. <sup>[7]<\/sup> They bring the fibers together in a pulp, lift a wet layer onto a screen and dry the resulting sheet. The water used in processing the pulp is one part of the local craft, along with the preparation of the fibers and skill of forming a sheet. <sup>[1][2]<\/sup> <\/p>\n<p class=\"p1\">The traditional handicraft was inscribed on the Representative List of the Intangible Cultural Heritage of Humanity in 2009. This recognition concerns the making practice. Xuan paper is one example of the paper category among the <a href=\"https:\/\/www.chinaculturepro.com\/four-treasures-study\/\">Four Treasures of the Study<\/a>. <sup>[1][3]<\/sup> <\/p>\n<h2>Raw, Sized and Semi-Sized Xuan Paper<\/h2>\n<p class=\"p1\">Sizing is a treatment that changes how readily liquid enters a sheet. Traditional sizing can involve glue and alum. Even with a similar fiber base, different finishing treatments can make ink behave differently. <sup>[3][4]<\/sup> <\/p>\n<div style=\"overflow-x:auto;max-width:100%;max-height:800px\">\n<table>\n<thead>\n<tr><th>Finish<\/th><th>Typical response<\/th><th>When it can help<\/th><\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr><td>Raw Xuan (\u751f\u5ba3, sh\u0113ngxu\u0101n)<\/td><td>Unsized and readily absorbent<\/td><td>Useful when you want a wash to spread or a stroke to produce a soft edge. <sup>[3][4]<\/sup> <\/td><\/tr>\n<tr><td>Sized Xuan (\u719f\u5ba3, sh\u00faxu\u0101n)<\/td><td>Treated to reduce absorption<\/td><td>Useful for keeping fine outlines or carefully placed color within clearer edges. <sup>[3][4]<\/sup> <\/td><\/tr>\n<tr><td>Semi-sized Xuan (\u534a\u719f\u5ba3, b\u00e0nsh\u00faxu\u0101n)<\/td><td>Intermediate absorption<\/td><td>Useful for some ink movement while retaining more control of the edge. <sup>[3][4]<\/sup> <\/td><\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n<p class=\"p1\">The finish is one feature of a sheet. Fiber mix and thickness are separate variables. A thicker sheet can still be unsized. The finish name describes a treatment, while a small test shows how the paper actually responds to your brush. <sup>[3][4]<\/sup> <\/p>\n<h2>How to Compare Ink on Different Sheets<\/h2>\n<p class=\"p1\">Compare a narrow line and a wet patch of wash on scraps from two sheets. Use the same brush and a similar ink load. Look at how far the edge moves outward and whether the fine line stays distinct after it dries. A change in load, pressure or speed can affect the result, so keep the comparison simple. The guide to <a href=\"https:\/\/www.chinaculturepro.com\/chinese-calligraphy-brushes\/\">Chinese calligraphy brushes<\/a> explains the tool side of that comparison. <sup>[3][4]<\/sup> <\/p>\n<p class=\"p1\">A more absorbent sheet can emphasize the transitions in a loose wash. A more controlled edge is useful when a painting depends on fine contours. See <a href=\"https:\/\/www.chinaculturepro.com\/gongbi-vs-xieyi\/\">gongbi and xieyi painting<\/a> for the different kinds of mark those approaches can use. <sup>[3][4]<\/sup> <\/p>\n<h2>Xuan Paper and the Name Rice Paper<\/h2>\n<p class=\"p1\">In English, rice paper is a broad label for materials made in different ways. Some painting suppliers use it broadly for East Asian brush papers. In historic collections it can also refer to a support made from the pith of the Tetrapanax plant. The pith was cut into thin sheets from the stem, while Xuan paper is formed from prepared fibers. <sup>[1][4][5]<\/sup> <\/p>\n<h2>FAQs About Xuan Paper<\/h2>\n<h3>Is Xuan Paper Made From Rice?<\/h3>\n<p class=\"p1\">Rice straw contributes fiber to traditional Xuan paper alongside bark from the blue sandalwood tree. The straw is a fibrous part of the rice plant; it is the straw that goes into the pulp. <sup>[1][2][5]<\/sup> <\/p>\n<h3>Does Raw Mean the Sheet Is Unfinished?<\/h3>\n<p class=\"p1\">Raw refers to the absence of sizing treatment. The sheet has already been formed and dried. Its higher absorbency is part of how it works. <sup>[2][3][4]<\/sup> <\/p>\n<h3>Do Beginners Need Xuan Paper?<\/h3>\n<p class=\"p1\">You can learn basic brush control on simple practice paper. Keep the surface consistent while you learn what changes with pressure and ink load. Try Xuan when you want to explore the differences among finishes. <sup>[3][4][6]<\/sup> <\/p>\n<h2>Sources<\/h2>\n<p class=\"p1\">[1] UNESCO. <a href=\"https:\/\/ich.unesco.org\/en\/RL\/traditional-handicrafts-of-making-xuan-paper-00201\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Traditional Handicrafts of Making Xuan Paper<\/a><\/p>\n<p class=\"p1\">[2] Xuancheng Municipal Government. <a href=\"https:\/\/www.xuancheng.gov.cn\/Content\/show\/1582440.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Xuan Papermaking<\/a><\/p>\n<p class=\"p1\">[3] Tsinghua University Press. <a href=\"https:\/\/www.tup.tsinghua.edu.cn\/upload\/books\/yz\/084369-02.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Basic Knowledge of Chinese Calligraphy<\/a><\/p>\n<p class=\"p1\">[4] Chinese Brush Painters Society. <a href=\"https:\/\/cbps.org.uk\/learn-cbp\/getting-started\/paper-2\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Paper<\/a><\/p>\n<p class=\"p1\">[5] Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. <a href=\"https:\/\/www.kew.org\/read-and-watch\/conserving-chinese-pith-paintings\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Conserving Chinese Pith Paintings<\/a><\/p>\n<p class=\"p1\">[6] Columbia University, Asia for Educators. <a href=\"https:\/\/afe.easia.columbia.edu\/special\/china_1000bce_calligraphy.htm\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Classroom Exercise: Introduction to Chinese Calligraphy<\/a><\/p>\n<p class=\"p1\">[7] Hilary Mullock. <a href=\"https:\/\/www.tandfonline.com\/doi\/abs\/10.1080\/03094227.1995.9638410\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Xuan Paper<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Learn what Xuan paper is made from and how raw, sized and semi-sized sheets take ink. Compare Jing County papermaking with other products called rice paper.<\/p>","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":7376,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[389],"tags":[401,402,398],"class_list":["post-7375","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-arts-crafts","tag-chinese-calligraphy","tag-hub-chinese-calligraphy","tag-writing-arts"],"aioseo_notices":[],"aioseo_head":"\n\t\t<!-- All in One SEO Pro 5.0.3 - aioseo.com -->\n\t<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Learn what Xuan paper is made from and how raw, sized and semi-sized sheets take ink. 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