{"id":19285,"date":"2026-11-13T02:27:59","date_gmt":"2026-11-13T02:27:59","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.chinaculturepro.com\/?p=19285"},"modified":"2026-11-13T02:27:59","modified_gmt":"2026-11-13T02:27:59","slug":"three-variations-on-yangguan","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.chinaculturepro.com\/ja\/three-variations-on-yangguan\/","title":{"rendered":"Three Variations on Yangguan: Poem, Guqin and Versions"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<section class=\"tcjdi-quick-answer\"><h2>Quick Answer: What Is Three Variations on Yangguan?<\/h2>\n<p class=\"p1\"><em>Three Variations on Yangguan<\/em> (<em>Yangguan Sandie<\/em>, \u9633\u5173\u4e09\u53e0, Y\u00e1nggu\u0101n S\u0101ndi\u00e9) is a work associated with the guqin (\u53e4\u7434, g\u01d4q\u00edn) and a farewell poem by the Tang poet Wang Wei (\u738b\u7ef4, W\u00e1ng W\u00e9i). It is heard as both a qin song (\u7434\u6b4c, q\u00edng\u0113) and an instrumental piece.<sup>[1][2][5]<\/sup> <\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>Poem:<\/strong> Wang Wei sees a friend off on a journey west past Yang Pass.<sup>[1][2]<\/sup> <\/li>\n<li><strong>Score:<\/strong> A University of Pittsburgh recital identifies a qin source dated 1491.<sup>[3]<\/sup> <\/li>\n<li><strong>Listening:<\/strong> The Smithsonian records Yi Zhou\u2019s qin performance as <em>The Three Farewells of Yang Guan<\/em>.<sup>[5]<\/sup> <\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p class=\"p1\">Use the performer and score credits to distinguish sung and instrumental settings.<\/p><\/section>\n<figure class=\"tcjdi-infographic\" style=\"width:500px;max-width:100%;margin:24px auto;text-align:center\"><img fetchpriority=\"high\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.chinaculturepro.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/11\/Three-Variations-on-Yangguan-guide-to-poem-and-qin-settings.webp\" alt=\"Three Variations on Yangguan guide to poem and qin settings\" title=\"Three Variations on Yangguan guide to poem and qin settings\" width=\"1440\" height=\"2560\" style=\"width:500px;max-width:100%;height:auto;margin:0 auto\" \/><figcaption>Three Variations on Yangguan guide to poem and qin settings<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p class=\"p1\">The farewell begins with a simple gesture. A friend is asked to share one more cup before leaving. In a sung rendition, words carry the moment. In a solo qin version, a phrase can return and make the hesitation audible.<\/p>\n<h2>The Farewell in Wang Wei\u2019s Poem<\/h2>\n<p class=\"p1\">The poem also appears as <em>Song of Weicheng<\/em> and <em>Seeing Yuan the Second Off on a Mission to Anxi<\/em>. Morning rain and fresh willows set the scene. Then the invitation to share another cup turns the poem toward the distance between the two friends. The parting connects with other <a href=\"https:\/\/www.chinaculturepro.com\/chinese-friendship-farewell-poems\/\">Chinese friendship and farewell poems<\/a> and with the wider work of <a href=\"https:\/\/www.chinaculturepro.com\/wang-wei\/\">Wang Wei<\/a>.<sup>[1][2]<\/sup> <\/p>\n<h2>What the Qin Scores Preserve<\/h2>\n<p class=\"p1\">A University of Pittsburgh recital identifies a 1491 source in <em>Zheyin Shizi Qinpu<\/em>. The Chinese University of Hong Kong archives a score from a later edition of <em>Qinxue Rumen<\/em> compiled by Zhang He. Use the handbook name to distinguish versions with the same musical title.<sup>[3][4]<\/sup> <\/p>\n<p class=\"p1\">The familiar title refers to threefold repetition, but the words and musical organization differ among surviving sources. Comparisons document versions that repeat and vary lines in different ways. When a recording includes a score credit, use it to identify the setting you are hearing.<sup>[2][7]<\/sup> <\/p>\n<h2>Find a Sung or Instrumental Setting<\/h2>\n<div style=\"overflow-x:auto;max-width:100%;max-height:800px\">\n<table>\n<thead>\n<tr><th>Recording<\/th><th>Performer<\/th><th>Catalog location<\/th><\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr><td>Smithsonian Han Tang Ensemble concert<\/td><td>Yi Zhou, qin<\/td><td>21:25 to 25:50<\/td><\/tr>\n<tr><td>Tsinghua University\u2019s Plum Blossom CD<\/td><td>Yang Lining, guqin<\/td><td>Track 2, 4:50<\/td><\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n<p class=\"p1\">The Smithsonian program lists <a href=\"https:\/\/www.chinaculturepro.com\/three-variations-on-plum-blossom\/\">Three Variations on Plum Blossom<\/a> as the next, separate track. Tsinghua\u2019s disc also includes both works under separate entries.<sup>[5][6]<\/sup> <\/p>\n<h2>Listen for the Return of a Phrase<\/h2>\n<p class=\"p1\">In a sung version, notice where a repeated line sounds more urgent or slows before its ending. Then hear a solo <a href=\"https:\/\/www.chinaculturepro.com\/guqin\/\">guqin<\/a> recording and listen for how the pluck, timing or pitch changes when a phrase returns. For another qin piece shaped by separation, try <a href=\"https:\/\/www.chinaculturepro.com\/memories-of-an-old-friend-guqin\/\">Memories of an Old Friend<\/a>. <a href=\"https:\/\/www.chinaculturepro.com\/farewell-song-songbie\/\">Songbie<\/a> offers a later song with a different melody and source history.<\/p>\n<h2>FAQs About Three Variations on Yangguan<\/h2>\n<h3>Who wrote the poem associated with Yangguan Sandie?<\/h3>\n<p class=\"p1\">Wang Wei wrote the Tang poem also known as Song of Weicheng.<sup>[1]<\/sup> <\/p>\n<h3>Is Yangguan Sandie always sung?<\/h3>\n<p class=\"p1\">Qin-song settings use the poem or expanded words. It is also performed as a guqin solo.<sup>[2][5][7]<\/sup> <\/p>\n<h3>Is it the same piece as Three Variations on Plum Blossom?<\/h3>\n<p class=\"p1\">They are separate works with distinct titles and material. Both appear as individual tracks in the Smithsonian and Tsinghua listings.<sup>[5][6]<\/sup> <\/p>\n<h2>Sources<\/h2>\n<p class=\"p1\">[1] Chinese Text Project. <a href=\"https:\/\/ctext.org\/wiki.pl?chapter=179976&amp;if=en\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Complete Tang Poems: Song of Weicheng by Wang Wei<\/a><\/p>\n<p class=\"p1\">[2] Association for Asian Studies. <a href=\"https:\/\/www.educationaboutasia.org\/article\/id\/1159\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">The Qin: China\u2019s Most Revered Musical Instrument<\/a><\/p>\n<p class=\"p1\">[3] University of Pittsburgh Department of Music. <a href=\"https:\/\/www.music.pitt.edu\/sites\/default\/files\/program3_26_12.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Lecture-Recital on the Qin<\/a><\/p>\n<p class=\"p1\">[4] Chinese University of Hong Kong Library. <a href=\"https:\/\/archives.lib.cuhk.edu.hk\/repositories\/5\/archival_objects\/249506\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Parting at Yang Guan: Archive Score<\/a><\/p>\n<p class=\"p1\">[5] Smithsonian National Museum of Asian Art. <a href=\"https:\/\/asia-archive.si.edu\/podcast\/traditional-chinese-music-the-han-tang-ensemble\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Traditional Chinese Music: The Han Tang Ensemble<\/a><\/p>\n<p class=\"p1\">[6] Tsinghua University Library. <a href=\"https:\/\/music.lib.tsinghua.edu.cn\/index.php?a=show&amp;c=index&amp;catid=24&amp;id=964&amp;m=content\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Three Variations on Plum Blossom CD<\/a><\/p>\n<p class=\"p1\">[7] Silkqin. <a href=\"https:\/\/silkqin.com\/02qnpu\/10tgyy\/tg31ygq.htm\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Yang Guan Qu and Other Settings of Wang Wei\u2019s Poem<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Explore Yangguan Sandie, the guqin farewell piece linked to Wang Wei\u2019s poem. Compare the early tablature, sung versions and two cataloged instrumental tracks.<\/p>","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":19286,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[403],"tags":[404,408,430],"class_list":["post-19285","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-music-performance","tag-chinese-music","tag-hub-chinese-traditional-music","tag-literary-traditions"],"aioseo_notices":[],"aioseo_head":"\n\t\t<!-- All in One SEO Pro 5.0.3 - aioseo.com -->\n\t<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Explore Yangguan Sandie, the guqin farewell piece linked to Wang Wei\u2019s poem. 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