{"id":4839,"date":"2026-10-24T04:52:01","date_gmt":"2026-10-24T04:52:01","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.chinaculturepro.com\/?p=4839"},"modified":"2026-10-24T04:52:02","modified_gmt":"2026-10-24T04:52:02","slug":"24-termes-solaires","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.chinaculturepro.com\/fr\/24-solar-terms\/","title":{"rendered":"Les 24 termes solaires : noms, dates et traditions saisonni\u00e8res"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<section class=\"tcjdi-quick-answer\"><h2>Quick Answer: What Are the 24 Solar Terms?<\/h2>\n<p class=\"p1\">The 24 Solar Terms (\u4e8c\u5341\u56db\u8282\u6c14, \u00e8rsh\u00eds\u00ec ji\u00e9q\u00ec) are seasonal markers based on the Sun\u2019s apparent annual motion. They supply the solar framework within China\u2019s traditional lunisolar calendar.<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>Astronomy:<\/strong> Each marker corresponds to another 15\u00b0 of solar longitude, producing 24 points around the year.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Calendar:<\/strong> Their timing follows the Sun rather than lunar phases, so Gregorian dates remain relatively stable.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Culture:<\/strong> Their names preserve agricultural and seasonal observations, while associated customs differ between communities.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p class=\"p1\">They are not 24 compulsory festivals or a forecast of local weather. Astronomical timing, seasonal descriptions and celebrations are related but distinct.<sup>[1]<\/sup> <\/p>\n<\/section>\n<figure class=\"tcjdi-infographic\" style=\"width:500px;max-width:100%;margin:24px auto;text-align:center\"><img fetchpriority=\"high\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.chinaculturepro.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/10\/24-Solar-Terms-guide-to-seasonal-dates-astronomy-history-and-local-customs.webp\" alt=\"24 Solar Terms guide to seasonal dates astronomy history and local customs\" title=\"24 Solar Terms guide to seasonal dates astronomy history and local customs\" width=\"1440\" height=\"2560\" style=\"width:500px;max-width:100%;height:auto;margin:0 auto\" \/><figcaption>Explore solar timing, traditional seasons, historical development and four examples of regional practice.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p class=\"p1\">Why does a Chinese calendar mark autumn while Shanghai still feels like summer, or announce snow where none falls? This guide separates astronomical dates from seasonal names and local customs, alongside the wider <a href=\"https:\/\/www.chinaculturepro.com\/chinese-lunar-calendar\/\">Chinese lunar calendar<\/a>.<\/p>\n<h2>How Do the 24 Solar Terms Work?<\/h2>\n<p class=\"p1\">Imagine the Sun\u2019s apparent yearly path through the sky as a circle, called the ecliptic. Longitude measures position around that circle. Modern calculations place successive terms 15\u00b0 apart: the March equinox is 0\u00b0, the June solstice 90\u00b0, the September equinox 180\u00b0 and the December solstice 270\u00b0. These are angular positions, not geographic longitudes on Earth.<sup>[1]<\/sup> <\/p>\n<p class=\"p1\">A term begins at a specific instant. Everyday speech also uses its name for the interval until the next term. Because Earth\u2019s orbital speed varies, those intervals are roughly half a month, not exactly 15 days. The calendar describes equal angles rather than equal stretches of time.<sup>[6]<\/sup> <\/p>\n<p class=\"p1\">Gregorian dates remain close because that calendar also tracks the solar year. Lunar months track a different cycle, so a term can move between lunar dates without losing its place in the seasonal year.<\/p>\n<p class=\"p1\">The set alternates between 12 jie (\u8282, ji\u00e9), often called minor terms, and 12 zhongqi (\u4e2d\u6c14, zh\u014dngq\u00ec), or principal terms. \u201cMinor\u201d does not mean culturally unimportant. Principal terms help keep lunar months aligned with seasons; solar markers do not themselves begin each lunar month.<sup>[1]<\/sup> <\/p>\n<p class=\"p1\">Time zones explain some apparently conflicting dates. In 2027, Spring Equinox (\u6625\u5206, ch\u016bnf\u0113n) occurs at 04:25 on March 21 in UTC+8, equivalent to 20:25 on March 20 in UTC. That is one astronomical event, not two different equinoxes. Always check the year and time zone before comparing calendars.<sup>[4]<\/sup> <\/p>\n<h2>The 24 Solar Terms: Names, Longitudes and Dates for 2026\u20132027<\/h2>\n<p class=\"p1\">All dates below are Gregorian dates in Hong Kong Time, UTC+8. The longitudes identify the same 24 astronomical positions each year; the dates do not form a permanent calendar. English names have alternative translations, so Chinese characters and pinyin help identify the term.<sup>[1][2][3]<\/sup> <\/p>\n<div style=\"overflow-x:auto;max-width:100%;max-height:800px\">\n<table>\n<thead>\n<tr><th>Term, Chinese, pinyin and solar longitude<\/th><th>2026, UTC+8<\/th><th>2027, UTC+8<\/th><th>Traditional seasonal association<\/th><\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr><td>Minor Cold \u2014 \u5c0f\u5bd2, xi\u01ceoh\u00e1n \u2014 285\u00b0<\/td><td>Jan 5<\/td><td>Jan 5<\/td><td>Deepening winter cold<\/td><\/tr>\n<tr><td>Major Cold \u2014 \u5927\u5bd2, d\u00e0h\u00e1n \u2014 300\u00b0<\/td><td>Jan 20<\/td><td>Jan 20<\/td><td>Severe winter cold<\/td><\/tr>\n<tr><td>Start of Spring \u2014 \u7acb\u6625, l\u00ecch\u016bn \u2014 315\u00b0<\/td><td>Feb 4<\/td><td>Feb 4<\/td><td>Traditional spring begins<\/td><\/tr>\n<tr><td>Rain Water \u2014 \u96e8\u6c34, y\u01d4shu\u01d0 \u2014 330\u00b0<\/td><td>Feb 18<\/td><td>Feb 19<\/td><td>Increasing spring precipitation<\/td><\/tr>\n<tr><td>Awakening of Insects \u2014 \u60ca\u86f0, j\u012bngzh\u00e9 \u2014 345\u00b0<\/td><td>Mar 5<\/td><td>Mar 6<\/td><td>Stirring life and spring thunder<\/td><\/tr>\n<tr><td>Spring Equinox \u2014 \u6625\u5206, ch\u016bnf\u0113n \u2014 0\u00b0<\/td><td>Mar 20<\/td><td>Mar 21<\/td><td>Day and night approximately equal<\/td><\/tr>\n<tr><td>Clear and Bright \u2014 \u6e05\u660e, q\u012bngm\u00edng \u2014 15\u00b0<\/td><td>Apr 5<\/td><td>Apr 5<\/td><td>Brightening spring landscapes<\/td><\/tr>\n<tr><td>Grain Rain \u2014 \u8c37\u96e8, g\u01d4y\u01d4 \u2014 30\u00b0<\/td><td>Apr 20<\/td><td>Apr 20<\/td><td>Rain supporting crop growth<\/td><\/tr>\n<tr><td>Start of Summer \u2014 \u7acb\u590f, l\u00ecxi\u00e0 \u2014 45\u00b0<\/td><td>May 5<\/td><td>May 6<\/td><td>Traditional summer begins<\/td><\/tr>\n<tr><td>Grain Buds \u2014 \u5c0f\u6ee1, xi\u01ceom\u01cen \u2014 60\u00b0<\/td><td>May 21<\/td><td>May 21<\/td><td>Grain filling before full ripeness<\/td><\/tr>\n<tr><td>Grain in Ear \u2014 \u8292\u79cd, m\u00e1ngzh\u00f2ng \u2014 75\u00b0<\/td><td>Jun 5<\/td><td>Jun 6<\/td><td>Awned crops and busy fieldwork<\/td><\/tr>\n<tr><td>Summer Solstice \u2014 \u590f\u81f3, xi\u00e0zh\u00ec \u2014 90\u00b0<\/td><td>Jun 21<\/td><td>Jun 21<\/td><td>Northern Hemisphere\u2019s longest daylight<\/td><\/tr>\n<tr><td>Minor Heat \u2014 \u5c0f\u6691, xi\u01ceosh\u01d4 \u2014 105\u00b0<\/td><td>Jul 7<\/td><td>Jul 7<\/td><td>Developing summer heat<\/td><\/tr>\n<tr><td>Major Heat \u2014 \u5927\u6691, d\u00e0sh\u01d4 \u2014 120\u00b0<\/td><td>Jul 23<\/td><td>Jul 23<\/td><td>Intense midsummer heat<\/td><\/tr>\n<tr><td>Start of Autumn \u2014 \u7acb\u79cb, l\u00ecqi\u016b \u2014 135\u00b0<\/td><td>Aug 7<\/td><td>Aug 8<\/td><td>Traditional autumn begins<\/td><\/tr>\n<tr><td>End of Heat \u2014 \u5904\u6691, ch\u01d4sh\u01d4 \u2014 150\u00b0<\/td><td>Aug 23<\/td><td>Aug 23<\/td><td>Heat\u2019s traditional seasonal retreat<\/td><\/tr>\n<tr><td>White Dew \u2014 \u767d\u9732, b\u00e1il\u00f9 \u2014 165\u00b0<\/td><td>Sep 7<\/td><td>Sep 8<\/td><td>Dew and cooling nights<\/td><\/tr>\n<tr><td>Autumn Equinox \u2014 \u79cb\u5206, qi\u016bf\u0113n \u2014 180\u00b0<\/td><td>Sep 23<\/td><td>Sep 23<\/td><td>Day and night approximately equal<\/td><\/tr>\n<tr><td>Cold Dew \u2014 \u5bd2\u9732, h\u00e1nl\u00f9 \u2014 195\u00b0<\/td><td>Oct 8<\/td><td>Oct 8<\/td><td>Colder autumn conditions<\/td><\/tr>\n<tr><td>Frost\u2019s Descent \u2014 \u971c\u964d, shu\u0101ngji\u00e0ng \u2014 210\u00b0<\/td><td>Oct 23<\/td><td>Oct 23<\/td><td>Increasing likelihood of frost<\/td><\/tr>\n<tr><td>Start of Winter \u2014 \u7acb\u51ac, l\u00ecd\u014dng \u2014 225\u00b0<\/td><td>Nov 7<\/td><td>Nov 7<\/td><td>Traditional winter begins<\/td><\/tr>\n<tr><td>Light Snow \u2014 \u5c0f\u96ea, xi\u01ceoxu\u011b \u2014 240\u00b0<\/td><td>Nov 22<\/td><td>Nov 22<\/td><td>Early-winter snow associations<\/td><\/tr>\n<tr><td>Heavy Snow \u2014 \u5927\u96ea, d\u00e0xu\u011b \u2014 255\u00b0<\/td><td>Dec 7<\/td><td>Dec 7<\/td><td>Deepening winter snow associations<\/td><\/tr>\n<tr><td>Winter Solstice \u2014 \u51ac\u81f3, d\u014dngzh\u00ec \u2014 270\u00b0<\/td><td>Dec 22<\/td><td>Dec 22<\/td><td>Northern Hemisphere\u2019s shortest daylight<\/td><\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n<p class=\"p1\">In Grain in Ear, \u201cear\u201d means a crop\u2019s seed-bearing head, not a body part. Grain Buds refers to grain filling before maturity. English translations using \u201cLesser\u201d instead of \u201cMinor,\u201d or \u201cGreater\u201d instead of \u201cMajor,\u201d do not identify additional terms.<sup>[7]<\/sup> <\/p>\n<p class=\"p1\">This table follows January\u2013December so every date belongs to its column\u2019s year. The traditional cycle commonly starts with Start of Spring and ends with Major Cold. Read from February through December, then return to January, to follow that order.<\/p>\n<p class=\"p1\">The traditional four seasons each contain six terms, beginning with Start of Spring, Start of Summer, Start of Autumn and Start of Winter. That convention differs from starting astronomical seasons at equinoxes and solstices. Neither convention guarantees a change in local weather on its opening day.<sup>[6]<\/sup> <\/p>\n<h2>How Did the 24 Solar Terms Develop?<\/h2>\n<p class=\"p1\">The system grew through generations of observing sunlight, seasonal change and farming conditions. Many names reflect agricultural experience in the middle and lower Yellow River basin. This historical setting explains their imagery without limiting the astronomical markers to that region.<sup>[7]<\/sup> <\/p>\n<p class=\"p1\">The Western Han text Huainanzi (\u6dee\u5357\u5b50, Hu\u00e1in\u00e1nz\u01d0), compiled in the second century BCE, records the full sequence in its Tianwen Xun (\u5929\u6587\u8bad, Ti\u0101nw\u00e9n X\u00f9n), or astronomy chapter. This is evidence of an established system, not proof of one inventor or a single day of invention.<sup>[5]<\/sup> <\/p>\n<p class=\"p1\">Calculation methods also changed. Earlier calendars used pingqi (\u5e73\u6c14, p\u00edngq\u00ec), dividing the solar year into equal time intervals. The calendar reform introduced in 1645 adopted dingqi (\u5b9a\u6c14, d\u00ecngq\u00ec), using the Sun\u2019s actual position. Today\u2019s equal-angle explanation should therefore not be projected unchanged onto every ancient period.<sup>[6]<\/sup> <\/p>\n<p class=\"p1\">In 2016, the knowledge and associated practices entered UNESCO\u2019s Representative List of the Intangible Cultural Heritage of Humanity. The inscription recognizes a living tradition; it is not the date the system began.<sup>[8]<\/sup> <\/p>\n<h2>Seasonal Traditions: Four Examples<\/h2>\n<p class=\"p1\">Four examples distinguish community rites, farming celebrations, modern observances and family traditions. They do not form a nationwide schedule.<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>Jiuhua, Quzhou, Zhejiang \u2014 welcoming spring:<\/strong> The local Start of Spring rite includes ceremonies associated with the spring deity and a symbolic spring ox. Its agricultural wishes concern favorable weather and abundant crops. The rite belongs to Jiuhua in Quzhou\u2019s Kecheng District and is a documented local heritage practice.<sup>[9]<\/sup> <\/li>\n<li><strong>Jixi, Anhui \u2014 Anmiao:<\/strong> Anmiao (\u5b89\u82d7, \u0101nmi\u00e1o) celebrates the establishment of rice seedlings after planting. Local descriptions connect it with the period after Grain in Ear, once village planting is complete. Its date follows local arrangements and agricultural progress rather than necessarily matching the astronomical instant.<sup>[10]<\/sup> <\/li>\n<li><strong>China \u2014 a modern harvest observance:<\/strong> The Chinese Farmers\u2019 Harvest Festival (\u4e2d\u56fd\u519c\u6c11\u4e30\u6536\u8282, Zh\u014dnggu\u00f3 N\u00f3ngm\u00edn F\u0113ngsh\u014du Ji\u00e9) was established in 2018 and falls on Autumn Equinox. Its nationwide designation is modern; it should not be presented as an unchanged ancient festival.<sup>[11]<\/sup> <\/li>\n<li><strong>Suzhou, Jiangsu \u2014 Winter Solstice Eve:<\/strong> Some families gather on the evening before Winter Solstice. A 2024 community gathering brought together cross-strait families on that preceding evening, illustrating a continuing local tradition. This timing does not bind every household; the wider <a href=\"https:\/\/www.chinaculturepro.com\/dongzhi-festival\/\">Dongzhi Festival<\/a> includes other regional practices.<sup>[12]<\/sup> <\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p class=\"p1\">Ritual wishes express cultural hopes. They do not control rainfall or guarantee a harvest.<\/p>\n<h2>Do Solar Term Names Match the Weather Everywhere?<\/h2>\n<p class=\"p1\">No. Astronomy fixes the markers, while weather depends on location, elevation and the particular year. Historical seasonal observations can help explain a name without predicting conditions everywhere. Their Yellow River background is a reference point, not a border beyond which the system becomes meaningless.<sup>[7]<\/sup> <\/p>\n<p class=\"p1\">Shanghai and other parts of the lower Yangtze region can remain very hot after Start of Autumn. End of Heat is likewise not a promise of immediate cooling. In Guangdong\u2019s lowlands, Light Snow may arrive without snow at all; higher elevations and other regional conditions complicate any simple north\u2013south division. Frost\u2019s Descent does not require every location\u2019s air temperature to reach freezing that day.<\/p>\n<p class=\"p1\">The solstice descriptions also need a hemisphere. June brings the longest daylight in the Northern Hemisphere but the shortest in the Southern Hemisphere; December reverses that relationship. The astronomical event is shared globally, while the seasonal experience differs. Consult local forecasts for actual conditions rather than treating a traditional name as a weather bulletin.<sup>[1]<\/sup> <\/p>\n<h2>FAQs About the 24 Solar Terms<\/h2>\n<h3>Are the 24 Solar Terms Based on the Moon?<\/h3>\n<p class=\"p1\">No. They follow the Sun\u2019s position, independently of lunar phases. The traditional Chinese calendar combines these solar markers with lunar months, which is why \u201clunisolar\u201d describes it more accurately than \u201clunar\u201d alone.<\/p>\n<h3>Do Solar Terms Fall on the Same Dates Every Year?<\/h3>\n<p class=\"p1\">Their Gregorian dates stay close, but are not permanently fixed. Check the relevant year and time zone: even one astronomical instant can appear on different calendar dates in different places.<\/p>\n<h3>Is Lichun the Same as Chinese New Year?<\/h3>\n<p class=\"p1\">No. Lichun is Start of Spring, a solar marker. Chinese New Year, or Spring Festival (\u6625\u8282, Ch\u016bnji\u00e9), begins on the first day of the first lunar month within the lunisolar calendar. The two dates need not coincide: in 2027, Start of Spring falls on February 4, while Chinese New Year falls on February 6.<sup>[3]<\/sup> <\/p>\n<h3>Are All 24 Solar Terms Festivals?<\/h3>\n<p class=\"p1\">No. Some, including <a href=\"https:\/\/www.chinaculturepro.com\/qingming-festival\/\">Qingming<\/a> and Winter Solstice, also have substantial festival traditions. Others have localized observances or little special celebration in a particular household. There is no universal 24-festival program.<\/p>\n<h2>Sources<\/h2>\n<p class=\"p1\">[1] Hong Kong Observatory. <a href=\"https:\/\/www.hko.gov.hk\/en\/gts\/time\/24solarterms.htm\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">The 24 Solar Terms<\/a><\/p>\n<p class=\"p1\">[2] Hong Kong Observatory. <a href=\"https:\/\/www.hko.gov.hk\/en\/gts\/time\/calendar\/pdf\/files\/2026e.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Gregorian\u2013Lunar Calendar Conversion Table of 2026<\/a><\/p>\n<p class=\"p1\">[3] Hong Kong Observatory. <a href=\"https:\/\/www.hko.gov.hk\/en\/gts\/time\/calendar\/pdf\/files\/2027e.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Gregorian\u2013Lunar Calendar Conversion Table of 2027<\/a><\/p>\n<p class=\"p1\">[4] Hong Kong Observatory. <a href=\"https:\/\/www.hko.gov.hk\/en\/gts\/astron2027\/files\/2027SolarTerms24.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">24 Solar Terms in 2027<\/a><\/p>\n<p class=\"p1\">[5] Institute for the History of Natural Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences. <a href=\"https:\/\/agri-history.ihns.ac.cn\/history\/chapter111.htm\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">The Completion and Standardization of the Twenty-Four Solar Terms<\/a><\/p>\n<p class=\"p1\">[6] China Weather. <a href=\"https:\/\/www.weather.com.cn\/jiangxi\/qxxw\/11\/2620066.shtml\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Division and Calculation of the Twenty-Four Solar Terms<\/a><\/p>\n<p class=\"p1\">[7] China Agricultural Museum. <a href=\"https:\/\/www.ciae.com.cn\/detail\/en\/36074.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Introduction to the Twenty-Four Solar Terms<\/a><\/p>\n<p class=\"p1\">[8] UNESCO. <a href=\"https:\/\/www.unesco.org\/archives\/multimedia\/document-4397\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">The Twenty-Four Solar Terms: Chinese Knowledge of Time and Practices Developed Through Observation of the Sun\u2019s Annual Motion<\/a><\/p>\n<p class=\"p1\">[9] China Intangible Cultural Heritage Network. <a href=\"https:\/\/www.ihchina.cn\/project_details\/15060.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Twenty-Four Solar Terms: Jiuhua Start of Spring Rite<\/a><\/p>\n<p class=\"p1\">[10] Xuancheng Municipal Government. <a href=\"https:\/\/www.xuancheng.gov.cn\/News\/show\/1582459.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Anmiao Festival<\/a><\/p>\n<p class=\"p1\">[11] State Council. <a href=\"https:\/\/www.beijing.gov.cn\/zhengce\/zhengcefagui\/201905\/t20190522_61275.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Approval for Establishing the Chinese Farmers\u2019 Harvest Festival<\/a><\/p>\n<p class=\"p1\">[12] Suzhou Municipal Government. <a href=\"https:\/\/www.suzhou.gov.cn\/szsrmzf\/tpxw\/202412\/0c1768370c8345b28ef1aa5d4f6a3638.shtml\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Taiwan Compatriots and Their Families Celebrate Winter Solstice<\/a><\/p>\n\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>D\u00e9couvrez les 24 termes solaires avec leurs noms chinois, leur pinyin et leurs dates de 2026\u20132027. Comprenez leur base solaire, leurs significations saisonni\u00e8res et les traditions r\u00e9gionales en Chine.<\/p>","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":4840,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[283],"tags":[291,294,293,292],"class_list":["post-4839","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-festivals-calendar","tag-chinese-calendar","tag-hub-chinese-lunar-calendar","tag-intangible-heritage","tag-seasonal-traditions"],"aioseo_notices":[],"aioseo_head":"\n\t\t<!-- All in One SEO Pro 5.0.3 - aioseo.com -->\n\t<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Explore all 24 solar terms with Chinese names, pinyin and 2026\u20132027 dates. 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