{"id":23289,"date":"2026-11-14T15:07:51","date_gmt":"2026-11-14T15:07:51","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.chinaculturepro.com\/?p=23289"},"modified":"2026-11-14T15:07:51","modified_gmt":"2026-11-14T15:07:51","slug":"chinese-junks-and-lugsails","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.chinaculturepro.com\/fr\/chinese-junks-and-lugsails\/","title":{"rendered":"Chinese Junks and Lugsails: Technology, Evidence and Historical Use"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<section class=\"tcjdi-quick-answer\"><h2>Quick Answer: What Is a Chinese Junk Lugsail?<\/h2>\n<p class=\"p1\">A Chinese junk lugsail is a sail supported from above by an angled yard, with battens running across its face. The yard is a spar at the top, and the battens support the material below it. Chinese vessels carried different arrangements of sails and masts, and the shape of the hull is a separate part of the design.<sup>[1][3][4]<\/sup> <\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>The yard is the upper spar. Battens extend across the sail.<sup>[3]<\/sup> <\/li>\n<li>A northern trading-ship model in Greenwich preserves bamboo battens in its rig.<sup>[1]<\/sup> <\/li>\n<li>A shipwreck can preserve hull partitions even when the sail fabric is gone.<sup>[6]<\/sup> <\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p class=\"p1\">Start by reading the sail and hull as separate parts of the vessel.<\/p><\/section>\n<figure class=\"tcjdi-infographic\" style=\"width:500px;max-width:100%;margin:24px auto;text-align:center\"><img fetchpriority=\"high\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.chinaculturepro.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/11\/Chinese-junks-and-lugsails-with-a-battened-sail-ship-models-and-hull-evidence.webp\" alt=\"Chinese junks and lugsails with a battened sail ship models and hull evidence\" title=\"Chinese junks and lugsails with a battened sail ship models and hull evidence\" width=\"1440\" height=\"2560\" style=\"width:500px;max-width:100%;height:auto;margin:0 auto\" \/><figcaption>Chinese junks and lugsails with a battened sail ship models and hull evidence<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p class=\"p1\">The bars across the sails are often the first detail people notice on a picture of a Chinese junk. They can tell you about the sail even when the curve of the hull or the depth of the vessel is hard to see.<\/p>\n<h2>How to Recognize the Yard and Battens<\/h2>\n<p class=\"p1\">Find the mast, the long upright support. The yard spans the upper edge of a lug and passes across the mast at an angle. The battens extend across the sail below the yard. In a side view, this gives the sail a series of visible bands.<sup>[3]<\/sup> <\/p>\n<p class=\"p1\">A sail needs to hold its shape in moving air. In a different setting, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.chinaculturepro.com\/chinese-kites-as-technology\/\">Chinese kites<\/a> also used fabric or paper with a frame. The sail and the kite used their material and supports for different jobs.<\/p>\n<h2>What the Trading Ship Models Show<\/h2>\n<p class=\"p1\">Royal Museums Greenwich records a model of a northern vessel called an Antung Trader. Its four masts carry different sails, with horizontal bamboo battens. Another model, a Pechili trader, preserves a separate piece catalogued as a fully battened sail with its mast. Read each model as evidence for the design it represents, and compare the groupings of sails rather than assuming a single arrangement.<sup>[1][2]<\/sup> <\/p>\n<h2>Why Hull Shape Varied<\/h2>\n<p class=\"p1\">The China Maritime Museum compares the flat-bottomed shachuan (\u6c99\u8239, sh\u0101chu\u00e1n) with deeper-bottomed forms from farther south, including the fuchuan (\u798f\u8239, f\u00fachu\u00e1n). Different bottoms suited different depths and routes. The hull and sailing rig together helped define what a vessel could do.<sup>[4]<\/sup> <\/p>\n<p class=\"p1\">The broader survey of <a href=\"https:\/\/www.chinaculturepro.com\/chinese-junk-ships\/\">Chinese sailing ships<\/a> covers additional regional forms. Sail shape alone cannot establish a precise hull type.<\/p>\n<h2>What the Quanzhou Wreck Records<\/h2>\n<p class=\"p1\">A Song cargo vessel recovered in Quanzhou Bay preserves evidence of a hull divided by bulkheads. Fujian\u2019s documented tradition used sealed compartments to limit flooding from a damaged section. This tells historians about the vessel\u2019s construction and its relationship to commerce on the <a href=\"https:\/\/www.chinaculturepro.com\/maritime-silk-road-history\/\">Maritime Silk Road<\/a>.<sup>[5][6]<\/sup> <\/p>\n<p class=\"p1\">The hull is strong evidence for its own layout. To understand a lost rig or details of navigation such as the <a href=\"https:\/\/www.chinaculturepro.com\/chinese-compass-history\/\">use of the compass<\/a>, historians may need different objects or written sources.<\/p>\n<h2>FAQs About Chinese Junks and Lugsails<\/h2>\n<h3>What are the bars across a junk sail called?<\/h3>\n<p class=\"p1\">They are battens. They support the sail beneath the upper yard.<sup>[1][3]<\/sup> <\/p>\n<h3>Did all Chinese junks have the same sail arrangement?<\/h3>\n<p class=\"p1\">No. Surviving models record different numbers of masts and multiple arrangements of sails.<sup>[1][2]<\/sup> <\/p>\n<h3>Are battens and bulkheads the same thing?<\/h3>\n<p class=\"p1\">Battens support a sail. Bulkheads divide the interior of a hull.<sup>[1][5]<\/sup> <\/p>\n<h2>Sources<\/h2>\n<p class=\"p1\">[1] Royal Museums Greenwich. <a href=\"https:\/\/www.rmg.co.uk\/collections\/objects\/rmgc-object-7065\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Antung Trader full-hull model<\/a><\/p>\n<p class=\"p1\">[2] Royal Museums Greenwich. <a href=\"https:\/\/www.rmg.co.uk\/collections\/objects\/rmgc-object-538403\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Pechili trading junk sail<\/a><\/p>\n<p class=\"p1\">[3] Practical Boat Owner. <a href=\"https:\/\/www.pbo.co.uk\/nautical-almanac\/glossary-of-nautical-terms\/lugsail-9045\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Lugsail glossary<\/a><\/p>\n<p class=\"p1\">[4] China Maritime Museum. <a href=\"https:\/\/www.shmmc.com.cn\/Home\/ww_detail?id=c318685efc2dcded\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Shachuan collection description<\/a><\/p>\n<p class=\"p1\">[5] UNESCO Intangible Cultural Heritage. <a href=\"https:\/\/ich.unesco.org\/en\/USL\/watertight-bulkhead-technology-of-chinese-junks-00321\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Watertight-bulkhead technology of Chinese junks<\/a><\/p>\n<p class=\"p1\">[6] UNESCO Intangible Cultural Heritage nomination materials. <a href=\"https:\/\/ich.unesco.org\/doc\/src\/06326-EN.pdf?v=1282656077\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Watertight-bulkhead technology documentation<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Recognize a battened Chinese lugsail and distinguish it from the hull, with evidence from ship models, regional boats and the Quanzhou wreck.<\/p>","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":23290,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[356],"tags":[379,380,296],"class_list":["post-23289","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-history-civilization","tag-chinese-inventions","tag-hub-chinese-inventions","tag-science-history"],"aioseo_notices":[],"aioseo_head":"\n\t\t<!-- All in One SEO Pro 5.0.3 - aioseo.com -->\n\t<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Recognize a battened Chinese lugsail and distinguish it from the hull, with evidence from ship models, regional boats and the Quanzhou wreck.\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"noindex, max-image-preview:large\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"author\" content=\"Anthony\"\/>\n\t<meta name=\"yandex-verification\" content=\"a48113a626715129\" \/>\n\t<link rel=\"canonical\" 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